Call for Return to Parliamentary System Sparks Heated Debate in Nigerian Parliament

A bill advocating for Nigeria’s return to a parliamentary system of government has ignited intense discussions in the National Assembly, with proponents citing cost-efficiency and enhanced accountability as key advantages.

The parliamentary versus presidential system debate has persisted since Nigeria’s transition to civil rule in 1999, following over 15 years of military rule. Advocates of the parliamentary model argue that it would eliminate wasteful spending and ensure greater accountability, particularly by streamlining the legislative process into a unicameral system.

The bill, co-sponsored by approximately 60 lawmakers from diverse party affiliations, passed its first reading last week. If enacted, the proposed changes would take effect in 2031, marking a shift back to the governance system of the First Republic characterized by accountability and reduced expenses.

Wale Raji, one of the bill’s supporters, emphasized the need to initiate a conversation about transitioning from the current presidential system. Speaking on behalf of the lawmakers, Hon Abdusamad Dasuki highlighted the imperfections in the current system, such as high governance costs, excessive executive powers, and a lack of direct accountability to the people.

The proposed alterations include replacing the President with a Prime Minister as the Head of Government and establishing the office of the President as a ceremonial leader. Additionally, the bill suggests shifting the process of electing governors and local government chairmen to voting within their respective legislative bodies.

Critics argue that the current presidential system, though in need of modification, could still serve the nation well with restructuring. Dr Pogu Bitrus, president of the Middle Belt Forum, expressed support for the parliamentary system’s cost-effectiveness but urged considering modifications to the existing presidential system.

Hon Yusuf Shehu, a former House of Assembly member, echoed historical context, stating that the parliamentary system bequeathed by the British is less expensive and aligns with Nigeria’s cultural and tribal diversity. He urged a revisit of the constitution to address current challenges.

Alhaji Yerima Shettima, president of the Arewa Youths Consultative Forum, supported the call for a return to the parliamentary system, emphasizing that it could lead to the emergence of better leaders. Shettima argued that a parliamentary system would make states more self-sufficient and reduce the concentration of power at the center.

As the bill progresses through legislative stages, it is expected to prompt a national conversation, encouraging public debates, stakeholder consultations, and informed decision-making on Nigeria’s future governance system. The debate reflects the ongoing quest for a governance model that balances efficiency, accountability, and adaptability to the nation’s diverse dynamics.